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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) A+ D7 e; \: H! p) x
% |. G: c4 e: W; z+ U" qhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688: h; b' S) b: r5 s" K, N# ^; P
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
4 q0 h0 d" U z# g; }0 VYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
8 N5 ]! L# M, ^: y wFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) }1 d2 C0 L f* P+ p6 U
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of- h% V8 O: s: v( Q$ P |( f3 S- i
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .' P0 i4 m+ a$ q
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
8 E3 ~; [& e" _1 bPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract% p& F4 g8 ?8 A; ]: L
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
8 `3 V# F. b$ O5 J, oDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
8 \+ U3 N+ Q- L: l5 R2 R4 fTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been$ m/ l! Z( _ a. H& j
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
& u8 W9 X! [9 I* s1 M4 Lonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% n# m8 l8 Z7 P" ?5 n, Sworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
- t/ a( Z3 x) r) W" C* Y2 a# Sto the standardization of the scientific terminology
, Y: d& X& l6 ]# a: l9 _: vtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
1 H; q! B% Q2 u. {- B) V' o$ cscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
5 ?: u* F7 R8 L: Rand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
* ?3 ]! R" {7 O8 Q4 l, hstandardization of the scientific terminology translation3 U ^! Y8 R! G/ `0 h0 r4 P
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
( M9 g% r6 q; z8 lhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
- w/ U6 `' @% }( U$ ^% ^( t1 nof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring7 O8 U4 F1 S2 N. p( _: P
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
' C: g+ U/ Y( K$ afor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
' ]- C6 e* h. j6 e/ Ythat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a" r( A1 _7 f* P |) R
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
) {" H2 f3 P' m, [$ D' Oterminology.
6 q4 t/ }; }2 s4 i5 W0 vKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;# E. i: t: n8 ]
Standardization of terminology translation9 [1 p7 m$ e" i( a* I+ O$ p
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 w a7 S' O4 w- M/ N2 Q
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern7 J$ f- v7 \8 ?. ]3 g+ C7 M
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 {; [1 \4 ?- L( m# t3 ^, g1 m
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213- ^$ M- z6 i$ D, @$ ^9 ?
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION8 u/ f/ X0 {8 ?5 u/ ^& h5 a1 a
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and" _' j- `: P8 S/ E+ \
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).; f5 o$ @: k0 o6 }. P# ^. n
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
5 _. s' B! l g& w# _+ _9 b) OHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of% q$ X/ d! s: \( y1 @; U# M
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed+ i. O. z: N4 y- U; J5 ]; F
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as' r7 Y8 x g1 Q5 z# t
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
4 e8 i. J; X" Y, j; L: Z9 yhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
! ]1 ]! q% W; |/ I" E. U# D; U3 J1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific Q) @6 `- `4 j
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,: x$ E( a* @) p4 p' j
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
. W% j( t& J* n1 S- PNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
1 w8 A7 L- i( p7 Sto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant7 j0 s4 ^- g$ h& _0 {
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
' _" H- @2 d$ n& j- R5 t1 Trevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,4 {8 {7 g2 O: s3 ^2 l4 H
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western: I( ^( j# X+ X
books that made him the most productive one among the
* H* I) n. P0 D6 H! w1 Oforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,. f ?, Y' U4 A1 R4 G( r
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
* I* C: x% ?. [noble work which could help accelerate the process of
& A! }' Z3 r* [# }+ Gpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
$ C) h! ]2 }4 V- p$ P+ R( [9 c1 oIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer* E+ v8 i/ P! N- F x
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
/ g4 J) I( I* H6 K* l2 w, Q1 Tscience and the standardization of translated scientific
0 S+ ~+ s* C0 d( {, }terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific! h$ ^3 L" `6 t" d0 C
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the+ b8 C. E) O: d: t0 T
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another( @; K; q( T m/ a5 A
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series9 }2 p/ @3 a- K9 l8 C
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in6 Q4 g& s, S$ K# ~# J
Modern China.
* Z6 s+ Q1 _* g5 JAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published" T' t' D8 X. r+ E/ {- g8 F: C
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
- n; c/ K# C. }. k4 z% G& Ytravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
6 V; F+ o9 g/ oa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In( b. {' _% R% w
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and! j( i: J) H; Y% v: ?
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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