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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ( A+ I& g6 P5 R' X+ D; ~; {
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688# h/ T) P: Z7 D/ p. _5 U
( J2 d5 x9 k& I' N5 ]John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China2 r4 g) E1 E* ?! L' s* k1 k7 P# }; [
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
) N. l8 m* {# RFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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. B* P( t/ ^; z4 Q1 [LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 h% @8 _( V' `3 B# E7 X. ~. B$ V: T
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .* T, d* U/ X/ J1 I6 E6 T; a# E7 z0 l: p
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
: `, D5 d5 \) FPublished online 26 January 2018( r3 J8 O; w- v) U1 q
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Abstract
: d5 h% |5 `5 B# O1 AJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% m: m$ c3 B7 k% \
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The3 N9 R. v$ ]8 R# V; }+ E% ]
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been: X1 S" @0 {$ \
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
! g! _: g( `! q8 Z# b7 P; N8 [& Conly having translated a great deal of Western scientific" t# [; q9 H u- b
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
" H' A, t& s) G; G7 Pto the standardization of the scientific terminology$ H7 g, S6 m4 n O
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s* T9 c8 _ `) |+ z; g
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
! d% V$ E4 F3 C j* hand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
|8 x6 G% l0 d$ e$ x) _1 istandardization of the scientific terminology translation
. {- u; l, l" tin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
9 n# G9 c X; N, @ I+ e6 g ]he established had helped greatly with the popularization
( t0 l4 K# ?5 Z& B0 y0 Rof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
; c2 W* o1 L2 ^5 f$ cthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
1 a2 }! }& L. O9 ^6 P: |2 x, z- kfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and- P5 ?! [+ [$ ^; `. ^
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a4 T( n1 b! T9 D0 c* W) X% {# S: Z
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
; J) y/ g( c) i( Qterminology.
6 f$ D/ [7 P1 f WKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;4 l' Q! l6 `. S1 q
Standardization of terminology translation
% W. t( p, C7 @7 x) L+ L" LYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: B0 Q/ J9 z- j. M: t7 s
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern1 N2 ?& h0 C+ }3 C+ k$ \. }* l
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available4 a8 k: b7 b; N) e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213! v% b+ q, [) J" j/ i/ \: v3 I
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION" Z7 @0 F0 z9 ]( A/ Q5 s' ]
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
% [0 r% U5 O- k$ x! s( k% [6 aa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# s) C8 B9 z, j# k2 Q7 E: rDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to( _# U" i- X" d* Q0 G, R' `
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, q& \# P1 Q& O& L I- R
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed7 f; [- e0 k1 ]3 {+ _4 g' t7 v3 G
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as$ H6 J& G. H( ~/ m8 ?, K
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
- b+ }& ^: ?; O$ C/ W/ Ahis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
e% x4 P4 Y1 d& V1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific5 X/ C9 Y E6 c
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
) X. }% o2 W5 a# rFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
, o7 ]$ J3 x jNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated: B, D+ i/ K- K- ]
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant8 s H' C+ q4 m9 r- Z1 S9 d6 N. e$ t8 u
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,9 m( m) A6 V+ _4 C' K) ^
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,9 I+ E0 f/ N% A! x. @
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
; G+ W# ~: h3 M/ z; T( D7 tbooks that made him the most productive one among the
6 _- ^. ]7 }" cforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
q1 a5 i( c3 G/ p9 L! Utranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* V: q: d8 g" L H& G: o
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
/ W4 r6 G1 I& epeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)., H0 U+ j: E$ }' Q7 ?3 f
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
5 T( Q+ ~+ \. B! R: p; falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
7 i5 u( n6 c6 w; @4 ]$ f Iscience and the standardization of translated scientific
& L5 T, a: f5 J4 k5 b. h* C! Qterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
# H! H- h7 W( g3 o6 P& Q0 d, ]2 w: Wmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
6 W u! R+ Z5 @6 Q$ c: l) L9 xestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another& ]$ A$ e& l9 u ~$ m, m* {
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
1 [ ]( F, e/ b4 rof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in2 X+ {' q. W0 w( O8 Q# i, F
Modern China.
+ ~* k* B) r' @An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
! T+ Y) Q2 ^& b: G* H( @ ^The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
! {+ s! c' T* ~, v" k1 {5 xtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing& n& g0 _: W. s* R( S: R- I+ H
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In6 ]" N: ?' m/ x- ~( z, l
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
3 K; C1 g4 p. R' s: Q9 i8 V, A! v( |% @9 \Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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